Database of soil physical characteristics

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Database of soil physical characteristics

Soil

Minimum value

Maximum value

Loose sand

0.48

1.60

Average compact sand

0.96

8.00

Compact sand

6.40

12.80

Average compact clayey sand

2.40

4.80

Average compact silty sand

2.40

4.80

Compact sand and gravel

10.00

30.00

Calyey soil with qu < 2 Kg/cm²

1.20

2.40

Calyey soil with 2 < qu < 4 Kg/cm²

2.20

4.80

Calyey soil with qu > 2 Kg/cm²

>4.80

 

Approximate values ​​of Winkler's constant K in Kg/cm3

 

 

Soil

Minimum value

Maximum value

Dry gravel

1800

2000

Wet gravel

1900

2100

Compact dry sand

1700

2000

Compact wet sand

1900

2100

Loose dry sand

1500

1800

Loose wet sand

1600

1900

Sandy clay

1800

2200

Hard clay

2000

2100

Semisolid clay

1900

1950

Soft clay

1800

1850

Peat

1000

1100

Approximate values of the volume weight in Kg/cm3

 

 

Soil

Minimum value

Maximum value

Compact gravel

35

35

Loose gravel

34

35

Compact sand

35

45

Loose sand

25

35

Sandy marl

22

29

Fat marl

16

22

Fat clay

0

30

Sandy clay

16

28

Silt

20

27

Approximate values of the friction angle φ, in degrees, for soils

 

 

Soil

Value

Sandy clay

0.20

Soft clay

0.10

Plastic clay

0.25

Semisolid clay

0.50

Solid clay

1

Tenacious clay

2÷10

Compact silt

0.10

Approximate values of cohesion in Kg/cm2

 

 

 

Soil

Maximum value of E

Minimum value of E

Very soft clay

153

20.4

Soft clay

255

51

Medium clay

510

153

Hard clay

1020

510

Sandy clay

2550

255

Loess

612

153

Silty sand

204

51

Loose sand

255

102

Compact sand

816

510

Clayey schist

51000

1530

Silt

204

20.4

Loose sand and gravel

1530

510

Compact sand and gravel

2040

1020

Approximate values of the  module, in Kg/cm2, for soils

 

 

Soil

Maximum value of n

Minimum value of n

Saturated clay

0.5

0.4

Not saturated clay

0.3

0.1

Sandy clay

0.3

0.2

Silt

0.35

0.3

Sand

1.0

-0.1

Gravelly sand commonly used

0.4

0.3

Loess

0.3

0.1

Ice

0.36

Concrete

0.15

Approximate values of the Poisson's ratio for soils

 

 

Rock

Minimum value

Maximum value

Pumice

500

1100

Volcanic tuff

1100

1750

Tufaceous limestone

1120

2000

Coarse sand dry

1400

1500

Fine dry sand

1400

1600

Wet fine sand

1900

2000

Sandstone

1800

2700

Dry clay

2000

2250

Soft limestone

2000

2400

Travertine

2200

2500

Dolomite

2300

2850

Compact limestone

2400

2700

Trachyte

2400

2800

Porphyry

2450

2700

Gneiss

2500

2700

Serpentine

2500

2750

Granite

2550

2900

Marble

2700

2750

Syenite

2700

3000

Diorite

2750

3000

Basalt

2750

3100

Approximate values of specific weight for some rocks in Kg/m3

 

 

Rock

Minimum value

Maximum value

Granite

45

60

Dolerite

55

60

Basalt

50

55

Sandstone

35

50

Calyey schist

15

30

Limestone

35

50

Quartzite

50

60

Marble

35

50

Approximate values of the friction angle j, in degrees, for rocks

 

 

Rock

E

n

Maximum value

Minimum value

Maximum value

Minimum value

Basalt

1071000

178500

0.32

0.27

Granite

856800

142800

0.30

0.26

Crystalline schist

856800

71400

0.22

0.18

Limestone

1071000

214200

0.45

0.24

Porous limestone

856800

35700

0.45

0.35

Sandstone

428400

35700

0.45

0.20

Calyey schist

214200

35700

0.45

0.25

Concrete

Variable

0.15

Approximate values of the elastic module and Poisson's ratio for rocks

 

 


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